「ヘルプ:Footnotes」を編集中 (節単位)

==Footnotes: page numbers==
{{main|Help:References and page numbers}}

Suppose you would like to cite one book, but different facts appear on different pages. You would like to cite the book again and again, but point each fact to the proper page. Suppose one fact is on page 8, a different fact on page 12, a third fact on page 18, a fourth fact on page 241. You could put a line in the "pages" parameter saying "see pages 8, 12, 18, 241" but a fact-checker might have to check all of them before figuring out the right one. Or, you could duplicate the entire citation for the book in each instance, but that would be redundant. 

One common approach is to use [[Help:Shortened footnotes|shortened citations]]. The long citation to support the shortened citations can either be placed as a bullet point in a separate ''References section'' after the ''Footnotes section''; or it can be placed in the first footnote to cite the source (with the initial relevant page number[s]). The remaining footnotes will use shortened citations (these usually contain the author's last name, the date of publication, and the relevant page number[s]).

A less common approach is to attach a {{tlx|rp|8}} right after the footnote marker and replace the "8" with the appropriate page number. For example:

{{markup
|<nowiki>Schudson said the Constitution shaped citizenship in fundamental ways.<ref name="Schudson">{{Cite book |last=Schudson |first=Michael |title=The Good Citizen: A Brief History of American Civic Life |publisher=Simon & Schuster |date=1998 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aawMAQAAMAAJ |isbn=0-684-82729-8}}</ref>{{rp|8}} But elections in early American politics did not generate much interest<ref name="Schudson"/>{{rp|12}} while "open discussion of differences" was generally avoided.<ref name="Schudson"/>{{rp|18}} Citizenship later shifted to a polity of essentially "self-absorbed citizens", according to his analysis.<ref name="Schudson"/>{{rp|241}}</nowiki>
|Schudson said the Constitution shaped citizenship in fundamental ways.<ref name="Schudson">{{Cite book |last=Schudson |first=Michael |title=The Good Citizen: A Brief History of American Civic Life |publisher=Simon & Schuster |date=1998 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aawMAQAAMAAJ |isbn=0-684-82729-8}}</ref>{{rp|8}} But elections in early American politics did not generate much interest<ref name="Schudson"/>{{rp|12}} while "open discussion of differences" was generally avoided.<ref name="Schudson"/>{{rp|18}} Citizenship later shifted to a polity of essentially "self-absorbed citizens", according to his analysis.<ref name="Schudson"/>{{rp|241}}
{{fake heading|sub=3|References}}
{{reflist}}
}}

{{tlx|r}} compactly combines the functions of <code><nowiki><ref></nowiki></code> and {{t|rp}}: <code><nowiki>{{r|Schudson}}</nowiki></code> is equivalent to <code><nowiki><ref name="Schudson"/></nowiki></code>  and <code><nowiki>{{r|Schudson|p=241}}</nowiki></code> is equivalent to <code><nowiki><ref name="Schudson"/>{{rp|241}}</nowiki></code>.